Applications of Mobile Payment Services in Financial Strategies: State-of-the-Art, Taxonomy and Upcoming Directions with a Focus on Pandemic Crisis

Amid the pandemic infection, people are bound to use contactless mobile payment (M-Payment) services. M-Payment is a payment method using an application in a mobile device, such as a mobile phone, and gadget. Owing to the convenience, reliability and contact-free feature of M-Payment, it has been diffusely adopted to reduce the direct and indirect contacts in transactions, allowing social distancing to be maintained and facilitating the stabilization of the social economy. Consequently, it has become one of the day's most important topics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a systematic literature review (SLR) on the applications of M-payment services in financial strategies, focusing on the pandemic crisis. 19 papers were collected and divided into three groups for further analysis. The results showed that M-Payments applications in financial strategies during the pandemic crisis could help reduce the spread of infection risks by hastening the transition to touchless habits. © 2023 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Remote Health Monitoring System Using Microcontroller—Suitable for Rural and Elderly Patients

Amid and post-COVID-19 pandemic, the matter of being in touch with patients to monitor their health matrices became somewhat challenging, especially in the rural areas of countries like Bangladesh and for elderlies. To address this issue, a patient health monitoring system is developed using a Programmable Intelligent Computer (PIC) microcontroller and Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) protocol with the help of a pulse sensor, IR sensor, photodiodes, temperature sensor, etc., to measure 3 (three) crucial health matrices such as heartbeat/pulse, oxygen saturation level, and body temperature from a fingertip of the patient in 20 s remotely. Whenever the system measures the health matrices, it sends a short message service (SMS) report to a personal caretaker over GSM automatically. If the system finds any anomaly based on predefined threshold levels for each health parameter, it sends a SMS alert report to the designated doctor automatically as well. A prototype of the developed system is made, verified, and tested to be working perfectly as designed and programmed. In the experiment with the developed system, heart rate ranged from 61 to 105 bmp, body temperature ranged from 95.3 to 99.1 ℉, and oxygen saturation was minimum at 97%. According to the set threshold levels, which led to an automatic SMS alert to the caretaker's mobile phone. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

The Influence of Innovation Resistance and Subjective Norms on the Adoption of Mobile Payment in Taiwan's Traditional Business Districts

The popularity of the Internet and smartphones has led to the rapid development of mobile payment. Because of its fast, convenient and contact-free characteristics, it has accelerated the utilization rate of mobile payment in the context of the raging of COVID-19. Even so, merchants in traditional business circles in Taiwan still do not provide mobile payment services. Secondly, most of the current literature on mobile payment is still discussing the usage behavior of consumers, and there are few related researches on merchants. Therefore, this study takes merchants in the Dadaocheng business district of Taipei City as the research object, and explores the influence of subjective norms on the introduction of mobile payment by traditional merchants through one-to-one interviews. The research result is that the handling fee will increase the operating cost, affect the profit of the store, and become the main obstacle to the implementation. However, merchants will pay attention to the use of mobile payment by surrounding stores, and will affect the decision of store A as to whether to install. © 2022 ACM.

Sentiment Analysis of the Use of Telecommunication Providers on Twitter Social Media using Convolutional Neural Network

Telecommunication technology continues to develop starting from 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and currently entering the 5G era. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) based telecommunication industry in Indonesia consists of three big names: Telkomsel, XL, and Indosat. During the Covid-19 pandemic, activities carried out outside the home should be done online. People hope that the internet network can work properly. However, the reality is not as expected, because many networks are experiencing slow internet problems and many complaints are delivered through social media. Therefore, this research aims to find the insight opinions that have been conveyed to the telecommunications operator in social media. This research used the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm to classify text sentiment (negative or positive) about telecommunication providers. The experiment with text data from Twitter is conducted after preprocessing and weighting of the Word2Vec process. The confusion matrix experiment shows that the CNN algorithm's performance reaches an average accuracy value of around 86.22%. The experiment was carried out by dividing the training data and testing the data 5 times in 10 times. The study results indicated that disruption of cellular telecommunications operators provided many sentiments, especially negative sentiment at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2022 IEEE.

COVID Hotspot Alert System using Geo-Fencing Technique

Covid-19 is an extremely communicable disease. It becomes extremely hard to control once it begins to spread. One of the most important and effective steps to break the chain and keep healthy people from getting infected is social isolation/distancing. When an infected person comes into contact with a healthy person, that person becomes infected as well, and the chain reaction continues. To curb this, COVID alert system using geo-fencing is developed. This system uses a GPS module to create a Geo Fence around the infected area and the healthy area. The live/current GPS location/coordinate is compared with the hotspot co-ordinates. The GSM module with Sim800L will send an alert to healthy people when they come into contact with virus-infected areas. The device comes with a GPS, GSM module with Sim800L and an OLED which displays the alert message. The device can be fit into any public or private transport, so that the healthy person will be prevented from entering the hotspot zones unnecessarily, thereby blocking the virus spread. © 2022 IEEE.

Smart Health Monitoring Wristband with Auto-Alert Function

Smart healthcare uses technology such as wearable devices and the Internet of Things to dynamically retrieve/access information, which is important for people who require continuous monitoring, that cannot be provided outside of medical facilities. The paper presents a smart health monitoring wristband that uses Arduino Nano 33 IoT with a built-in gyroscope and accelerometer module as the microcontroller, biomedical sensors like temperature sensor, pulse oximeter, heart rate sensor, and GSM/GPRS module. This prototype is developed for all age communities but can be especially useful to the elderly, people with special needs, and those with chronic illnesses. The hardware system is connected to the Blynk application using the microcontroller's built-in WiFi module. The biomedical sensors measure the readings, and the data are uploaded onto the Blynk application interface for viewing. The Smart Health Monitoring Wristband enables real-time health monitoring to be done remotely and helps in improving emergency response time. © 2022 IEEE.

Factors Influencing Adoption of Mobile Payments during COVID-19 Pandemic

Since the lifestyle changes made during the COVID-19 period, the factors influencing the adoption of mobile payments are shown in this study during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia, a total of 408 respondents were collected and only 402 respondents are in accordance with the provisions of the research, data collection using google form and analyzed using SmartPLS, the questions were collected on google form and then disseminated using social media such as Line, WhatsApp, Discord, and Instagram starting on April 15th to May 23rd, 2022. The results showed that one hypothesis was rejected. Namely Performance Expectancy on Intention to use Mobile Payment. While the others are accepted for a positive impact, either directly or indirectly, on intentions to use mobile payments. © 2022 IEEE.

Cash and Non-cash Payments for In-Store Purchases During the COVID-19 Pandemic – Similarities and Differences Between Generation X and Generation Y Consumers. Case of Poland

The changes brought to retail as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic have forced an adjustment in consumer shopping behaviour. In addition to keeping distance, wearing masks, gloves and using disinfectant fluids, buyers were asked to forgo paying for the purchases with cash and use payment cards or mobile devices. The purpose of this paper is to identify similarities and differences in payments for grocery purchases in stationary retail shops during the COVID-19 pandemic by two consumer age cohorts, generations X and Y (Millennials). To compare the payment behaviour of the two generations, a CAWI survey was conducted during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey sample consisted of 650 individuals. Based on the variables for the three forms of payment (cash, payment cards and mobile payments), that buyers made in five types of shops (discount, supermarket, hypermarket, convenience shop and branch shops such as bakery and retail vegetable/fruit supply), a cluster analysis (Ward's method) was conducted. Four types of consumers were identified in each generation. The following similarities were found in payment behaviour in stationary retail outlets: In both generations, consumers most often pay for purchases by card and in each of them, a group using this form of payment almost exclusively can be distinguished. In contrast to Generation Y, otherwise known as the Millennials, Generation X includes customers who most often pay for the purchases in cash. Among Millennials, on the other hand, it is possible to identify consumers who prefer to use mobile payments and occasionally pay in cash. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Extending the Continuance Intention to Use Mobile Payment of Thai Boomers under a New Normal Situation Using UTAUT2 with Inertia Perspective

Mobile payment receives a growing attention in Southeast Asia. It is an innovative financial transaction to facilitate a financial transaction wherever and whenever a mobiledevice is connected to the Internet. Mobile payment through banking apps is a recent technological transaction with lots of benefit. More businesses in essential categories have shifted their service online for the first time, consequently more boomers use mobile payment during COVID-19 pandemic due to lockdown andsocial distancing measurements that affect their lifestyle. This research aims to better understand Thai boomers' behavior intention and their continuance intention to use mobile payment during and after the pandemic. This research discusses the extending of UTAUT2 with inertia, and a conceptual framework is proposed for the study. © 2022 IEEE.

Modelling the Consumer Adoption Intention towards Unified Payment Interface (UPI): An Extended UTAUT2 Model with Relative Advantage, Add-on Services and Promotional Benefits

The COVID-19 and associated lockdown in the country emerged as an opportunity for the digital payment providers and Unified Payment Interface (UPI) is the frontrunner among them. UPI is way ahead of other digital payment modes and recorded more than 22 billion transactions which account for over trillion during the 2020-21 financial year. Even though UPI is the most used digital payment mode in India, currently there is no well-established research model for measuring the user adoption towards UPI. So, this paper portrays the in-depth review of current works of literature on digital and mobile payment adoption intention of consumers and developed a new model exclusively for identifying the factors of adoption of 'Unified Payment Interface (UPI)'. The study introduced the model by extending the existing UTAUT2 model by incorporating 'Relative Advantage', 'Add-on Services' and 'Promotional Benefits' as additional constructs apart from the existing UTAUT2 constructs. The proposed model can be empirically tested further to derive meaningful findings and conclusions that can guide the payment service providers in taking appropriate decisions for the development of their user base. © 2022 IEEE.

Automatic Door Un-locking and Security System Using Raspberry Pi

As a critical constituent of many institutions domestic safety and protection precedence, surveillance has mounted its significance and advantages several instances with the aid of using offering instant supervising of possessions, humans having access to your private home and property. This project deals with the layout method of an Embedded Real-Time automated door lock safety device the use of pi digital camera primarily based totally on Raspberry Pi 3 for intruder remark that enhances surveillance generation to offer critical safety to homes and related control. An embedded internet server creates a clean manner for tracking & routinely locking the door any device. The Raspberry Pi primarily based totally Automatic Door Un-locking system the use of a pi Camera affords the concept of tracking a selected area in a far flung vicinity and stumble on the unknown face if they are attempting to enter. The door gets unlock only when it detects the known face and switches on the home lights as home application. When unknown or unauthorized person's face is detected, this device will ship SMS and the picture of the unauthorized person is sent to the owner's mail. The diligent of contemporary COVID-19 situation. As temperature test performs crucial position in controlling unfold of covid, the proposed project has an extra characteristic of temperature test of the individual that attempts to go into the house. So, it has even temperature sensor and LCD which will ask the person to measure his temperature and display the temperature, the measured temperature is also send to cloud so that owner can view the person temperature. © 2022 IEEE.

Arduino based Contactless Covid Booth Registration System

As per recent pandemic situation taken into consideration Corona virus testing is done at the specific center which does not provide safe environment. So there is need of advance system i.e. Contactless Covid Booth Registration system. This system helps to make Covid center automated and contactless which helps to reduce spreading of virus in the Covid testing centers. This system utilizes microcontroller, MATLAB, GSM modem. This system can be useful for all Covid testing centers, hospitals and public health centers. This system having advantages of reduction in spreading rate of virus, Break the chain of virus expansion, reduces patients rate and reduces the risk of infection. This system not only useful for Covid testing centers but help to our nation to minimize the risks of infections and death. © 2022 IEEE.

Going Cashless? How Has COVID-19 Affected the Intention to Use E-wallets?

The COVID-19 outbreak has accelerated the use of technology among consumers. Given the perceived health risks associated with using cash, this study aims to investigate the behavioral intention of Malaysians to use e-wallets during the pandemic. How has the pandemic affected consumer adoption of e-wallets? Drawing on the Technology Acceptance Model, a survey of 212 users was conducted to determine how three specific factors (trustworthiness, reliability, and perceived health risk) drive the intention of consumers to use e-wallets. The findings offer insights into the social impact of e-wallets as an innovative form of technology. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Principles and Application of Mobile Cloud Computing in Payments and Health Care Solution

In an attempt to curtail and prevent the spread of Covid-19 infection, social distancing has been adopted globally as a precautionary measure. Statistics shows that 75% of appointments most especially in the health sector are being handled by telephone since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Currently most patients access health care services in real time from any part of the World through the use of Mobile devices. With an exponential growth of mobile applications and cloud computing the concept of mobile cloud computing is becoming a future platform for different forms of services for smartphones hence the challenges of low battery life, storage space, mobility, scalability, bandwidth, protection and privacy on mobile devices has being improved by combining mobile devices and cloud computing which rely on wireless networks to create a new concept and infrastructure called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). The introduction of Mobile cloud computing (MCC) has been identified as a promising approach to enhance healthcare services, with the advent of cloud computing, computing as a utility has become a reality thus a patient only pays for what he uses. This paper, presents a systematic review on the concept of cloud computing in mobile Environment;Mobile Payments and Mobile Healthcare Solutions in various healthcare applications, it describes the principles, challenges and opportunity this concept proffers to the health sector to determine how it can be harnessed is also discussed. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

A Novel system for Tracking and Screening COVID Patients

The wandering of older persons with Covid is one of the several behavioral difficulties that they experience, and it is the source of the most anxiety for their caregivers. Using a novel mobile phone-based safety assistance system, we have been able to relay information about a wandering individual's whereabouts to others who are near that person. The wearable sensor is made up of a GSM module, an Arduino UNO, and a GPS module. It is possible to determine the position of the wandering individual after they have beyond a particular meter. When the old person leaves the area, the GSM transmits the position of the wandering elderly person, which is determined with the aid of GPS. The server computer sends an SMS to the caregiver to notify him or her of the situation. The caregiver may keep track of the wandering person's whereabouts on a map by connecting to the Internet. © 2022 IEEE.

COVID-19 Lifeguard: A Compact Wearable-IoT (W-IoT) System for Health Safety and Protection of Outgoers in the Post-Lockdown World

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has spread worldwide, creating an unprecedented pandemic situation. Due to rapid spreading, the pandemic forced several nations to impose lockdown for isolating the population and new policies of quarantine were adopted. After the government eased the restrictions, the most prominent challenges faced by daily commuters (employees or students) include maintaining a safe distance from others, regular sanitization, and washing hands, wearing masks and face shields, contact tracing, etc. It is quite difficult to practice social distancing and always use hand sanitizer when using public transport or at the workplace and people do not have a track of their temperature, heart rate, and oxygen saturation level. Though it is ideal to avoid traveling, when necessary some factors need to be considered such as personal hygiene, contactless interaction, disinfection, and monitoring important health parameters. Given this, we aim to develop an IoT-enabled compact wearable system including all essential features like an electronic face mask, an automatic sanitizer dispenser, and a Temperature-SpO2 monitoring wearable to avoid any physical touch and discomfort and alert the nearby doctors about irregularity in any parameter through the GSM module. The results of the software simulation of the system and the web-scraping using Python software to extract coordinates of containment zones are discussed in the paper. © 2021 IEEE.

Development of an IoT Based Domestic Monitoring and Alerting System for Paralysed Patients

We might come across lots of paralyzed patients in our day-to-day life. The cause of the condition could be due to trauma because of accidents, stroke, polio etc., Depending on the nerve response to the brain and spinal cord, the specific parts of the body or even the whole body become paralyzed accordingly. To make distance communication between the patient and caretaker easier, we have implemented an IoT based system to send and receive an SMS by using LabVIEW Software. The patient can send the SMS easily by hand movements. The message will be sent according to the direction of the patient's hand movement. This Software is used to send, read the data to the cloud and message will be sent to the caretaker's mobile simultaneously. We have also used GSM in our project to send the message as SMS. The main motto of this project is to send the message to the caretaker as fast as possible. Besides paralysed individuals, visually impaired persons and Covid patients in hospitals who are unable to use a cell phone and need to make contactless communication with physicians, can utilize it. This gadget can be used for a multitude of long-distance communications. The prototype is relatively inexpensive and portable. © 2021 IEEE.

Arduino Based Smart Dustbin for Waste Management during Covid-19

India has perceived an enormous upsurge in garbage during 21st century due to adopting urbanization rapidly. In addition, as the population increasing drastically, which inherently produce huge amount of garbage. The overflow of the garbage and lack of maintenance are the main reasons for many diseases and also for spoiling earth environment. However, the entire world has faced the problems due to spreading of Covid-19 through the air due to the hazard waste is being generated in specific Covid hospitals, quarantine zones are directly dumped into the dustbins. The frontline warriors (doctor, nurse, police) working in these unorganized dustbin environments are getting infected with Covid-19 and are became a primary contact for spreading of virus. Thus, it is very much essential to implement a systematized and well-designed mechanism to overcome this problem. In this work, a hardware prototype for smart dustbin based on Arduino has been proposed that can be installed in hospitals, medical centres, municipalities, households for the sake of environment as well as front-line workers. The proposed model of smart dustbin has PIR sensor and ultrasonic sensor for human motion detection and sense the level of garbage present in the bin respectively. An alert system based on GSM has been interfaced with Arduino which sends the alert messages based on level of the garbage at regular intervals. The proposed model work with very low power and increase the security for front-line workers from the Covid-19. © 2021 IEEE.

Fleet management with real-time data analytics

Significant effort has to be devoted to surviving the businesses relying on fleet vehicles in the year 2020 and ahead as the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic became pandemic. Executing profitable business while keeping the staff safe and productive is a critical challenge to deal with. To find a solution, we focus on driver management out of major functions in fleet management such as vehicle, driver, and operation management. We were unable to identify a study conducted to capture real-time data on a ride in a fleet. Therefore, to fill that gap we implemented a cost-effective real-time Fleet Management System (FMS) using data analytics with the use of ESP32 SIM800L with reprogrammable capabilities. Fleet can use this system to monitor real-time data on vehicle location, remaining time to the destination, vehicle speed, and distance traveled. Moreover, the system can be personalized as it has reprogrammable features to be enabled or disabled based on the customer's preference. Once the data is captured through the Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, data will be transmitted via General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) to two remote servers. One server is hosted locally with SQL and where the other is hosted in a cloud environment with a Firebase realtime database. The vehicle location is tracked using GPS. For fast data transfer, 3G Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) with ESP32 800L microprocessor was used. A web-based graphical user interface is developed to analyse and present the transmitted data. Vehicle information can be viewed and located on the web application in form of google maps. Real-time data analytics is used with Firebase's real-time database. Furthermore, Short Message Service (SMS) facility is made available for the driver to communicate with configured mobile numbers © 2021 IEEE.

Embedded Smart Glove using Ultrasonic and Flame Sensors for Helping Visually Impaired People

Visually impaired is someone's condition of lacking visual observation due to neurological and physiological factors. Also, wildfire and coronavirus cases made the situation worst for visually impaired people. A helping tool is very needed to overcome these problems. This paper proposes a prototype of an embedded glove using ultrasonic and flame sensors to provide a convenient and safe method for visually impaired people to overcome difficulties in daily life. Smart glove system prototype based on Arduino UNO microcontroller, ultrasonic and flame sensors, SIM800L GSM module for communication, and buzzer for alarm notification. Then, the complete device prototype was tested using both the acrylic box and embedded at one's hand as a proof of concept for emphasizing the reliability and usefulness of our work. The results show that the ultrasonic sensor works well for detecting an object with a coverage of 40 cm from the blind. The fire/flame sensor also works well when using fire detection mode for detecting the small fire from matches or lighter at a distance of about 15 cm or big fire from a burnt paper at a distance of about 20 cm and will be sending a short message to the respected person through SIM800L GSM. The only drawback for this device is a bit heavy when used on hand and still lacks an IoT system. However, further research will be conducted to overcome those problems soon. © 2021 IEEE.